View source for Tmux

tmux is a terminal multiplexer for Unix-like operating systems. It allows multiple terminal sessions to be accessed simultaneously in a single window. It is useful for running more than one command-line program at the same time. It can also be used to detach processes from their controlling terminals, allowing SSH sessions to remain active without being visible.

= Cheatsheet =

== Session Management ==

 tmux ls (or tmux list-sessions)
 tmux new -s session-name
 Ctrl-b d Detach from session
 tmux attach -t [session name]
 tmux kill-session -t session-name


 Ctrl-b c Create new window
 Ctrl-b d Detach current client
 Ctrl-b l Move to previously selected window
 Ctrl-b n Move to the next window
 Ctrl-b p Move to the previous window
 Ctrl-b & Kill the current window
 Ctrl-b , Rename the current window
 Ctrl-b q Show pane numbers (used to switch between panes)
 Ctrl-b o Switch to the next pane
 Ctrl-b ? List all keybindings


== Moving between windows ==

 Ctrl-b n (Move to the next window)
 Ctrl-b p (Move to the previous window)
 Ctrl-b l (Move to the previously selected window)
 Ctrl-b w (List all windows / window numbers)
 Ctrl-b window number (Move to the specified window number, the default bindings are from 0 -- 9)


== Tiling commands ==

 Ctrl-b % (Split the window vertically)
 Ctrl-b " (Split window horizontally)
 Ctrl-b o (Goto next pane)
 Ctrl-b ARROW KEYS (Move in pane)
 Ctrl-b q (Show pane numbers, when the numbers show up type the key to go to that pane)
 Ctrl-b { (Move the current pane left)
 Ctrl-b } (Move the current pane right)


== Make a pane its own window ==

 Ctrl-b : "break-pane"

= Usage =

Kill session:

 tmux kill-session -t myname

Kill all the tmux sessions:

 tmux ls | grep : | cut -d. -f1 | awk '{print substr($1, 0, length($1)-1)}' | xargs kill

In tmux, hit the prefix `ctrl+b` (my modified prefix is ctrl+a) and then:

== List all shortcuts ==

to see all the shortcuts keys in tmux simply use the `bind-key ?` in my case that would be `CTRL-B ?`

== Sessions ==

    :new<CR>  new session
    s  list sessions
    $  name session

== Windows (tabs) ==

    c  create window
    w  list windows
    n  next window
    p  previous window
    f  find window
    ,  name window
    &  kill window

== Panes (splits)  ==

    %  vertical split
    "  horizontal split
    
    o  swap panes
    q  show pane numbers
    x  kill pane
    +  break pane into window (e.g. to select text by mouse to copy)
    -  restore pane from window
    ⍽  space - toggle between layouts
    <prefix> q (Show pane numbers, when the numbers show up type the key to goto that pane)
    <prefix> { (Move the current pane left)
    <prefix> } (Move the current pane right)
    <prefix> z toggle pane zoom

== Sync Panes ==

You can do this by switching to the appropriate window, typing your Tmux prefix (commonly Ctrl-B or Ctrl-A) and then a colon to bring up a Tmux command line, and typing:

 :setw synchronize-panes

You can optionally add on or off to specify which state you want; otherwise the option is simply toggled. This option is specific to one window, so it won’t change the way your other sessions or windows operate. When you’re done, toggle it off again by repeating the command. [tip source](http://blog.sanctum.geek.nz/sync-tmux-panes/)


== Resizing Panes ==

You can also resize panes if you don’t like the layout defaults. I personally rarely need to do this, though it’s handy to know how. Here is the basic syntax to resize panes:

    PREFIX : resize-pane -D (Resizes the current pane down)
    PREFIX : resize-pane -U (Resizes the current pane upward)
    PREFIX : resize-pane -L (Resizes the current pane left)
    PREFIX : resize-pane -R (Resizes the current pane right)
    PREFIX : resize-pane -D 20 (Resizes the current pane down by 20 cells)
    PREFIX : resize-pane -U 20 (Resizes the current pane upward by 20 cells)
    PREFIX : resize-pane -L 20 (Resizes the current pane left by 20 cells)
    PREFIX : resize-pane -R 20 (Resizes the current pane right by 20 cells)
    PREFIX : resize-pane -t 2 20 (Resizes the pane with the id of 2 down by 20 cells)
    PREFIX : resize-pane -t -L 20 (Resizes the pane with the id of 2 left by 20 cells)
    
    
== Copy mode: ==

Pressing PREFIX [ places us in Copy mode. We can then use our movement keys to move our cursor around the screen. By default, the arrow keys work. we set our configuration file to use Vim keys for moving between windows and resizing panes so we wouldn’t have to take our hands off the home row. tmux has a vi mode for working with the buffer as well. To enable it, add this line to .tmux.conf:

 setw -g mode-keys vi

With this option set, we can use h, j, k, and l to move around our buffer.

To get out of Copy mode, we just press the ENTER key. Moving around one character at a time isn’t very efficient. Since we enabled vi mode, we can also use some other visible shortcuts to move around the buffer.

For example, we can use "w" to jump to the next word and "b" to jump back one word. And we can use "f", followed by any character, to jump to that character on the same line, and "F" to jump backwards on the line.

       Function                vi             emacs
       Back to indentation     ^              M-m
       Clear selection         Escape         C-g
       Copy selection          Enter          M-w
       Cursor down             j              Down
       Cursor left             h              Left
       Cursor right            l              Right
       Cursor to bottom line   L
       Cursor to middle line   M              M-r
       Cursor to top line      H              M-R
       Cursor up               k              Up
       Delete entire line      d              C-u
       Delete to end of line   D              C-k
       End of line             $              C-e
       Goto line               :              g
       Half page down          C-d            M-Down
       Half page up            C-u            M-Up
       Next page               C-f            Page down
       Next word               w              M-f
       Paste buffer            p              C-y
       Previous page           C-b            Page up
       Previous word           b              M-b
       Quit mode               q              Escape
       Scroll down             C-Down or J    C-Down
       Scroll up               C-Up or K      C-Up
       Search again            n              n
       Search backward         ?              C-r
       Search forward          /              C-s
       Start of line           0              C-a
       Start selection         Space          C-Space
       Transpose chars                        C-t

== Misc ==

    d  detach
    t  big clock
    ?  list shortcuts
    :  prompt

== Configurations Options: ==

    # Mouse support - set to on if you want to use the mouse
    * setw -g mode-mouse off
    * set -g mouse-select-pane off
    * set -g mouse-resize-pane off
    * set -g mouse-select-window off

    # Set the default terminal mode to 256color mode
    set -g default-terminal "screen-256color"

    # enable activity alerts
    setw -g monitor-activity on
    set -g visual-activity on

    # Center the window list
    set -g status-justify centre

    # Maximize and restore a pane
    unbind Up bind Up new-window -d -n tmp \; swap-pane -s tmp.1 \; select-window -t tmp
    unbind Down
    bind Down last-window \; swap-pane -s tmp.1 \; kill-window -t tmp

= Resources: =

* [http://pragprog.com/book/bhtmux/tmux tmux: Productive Mouse-Free Development]
* [http://superuser.com/questions/343572/tmux-how-do-i-reorder-my-windows How to reorder windows]

[[category:Linux]]
[[category:Unix]]
[[Category:Software]]